Acrylic Painting Cheatsheet
Acrylic Paint Types
Paint Type | Consistency | Opacity | Best Use | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Heavy Body | Thick, buttery | High | Canvas, impasto techniques | Holds brushstrokes well |
Soft Body | Smooth, fluid | Medium | Detail, glazing, fluid work | Good flow, mixes easily |
High Flow | Ink-like | Transparent | Airbrush, calligraphy | Great for fine lines |
Student Grade | Varies | Medium | Practice, beginners | Less pigment, lower price |
Professional Grade | Consistent | High | Gallery-level work | Rich pigment, better coverage |
Surface Options
Surface | Prep Needed | Texture | Best For | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Stretched Canvas | Pre-gessoed or DIY | Medium | Most acrylic paintings | Ready-to-use or prep with gesso |
Canvas Board | Minimal prep | Medium | Studies, practice | Budget-friendly |
Acrylic Paper | None | Smooth | Sketching, quick practice | Disposable, easy to transport |
Wood Panels | Gesso recommended | Smooth-Hard | Mixed media, heavy texture | Durable and professional finish |
Watercolour Paper | Gesso required | Textured | Mixed media | Use thicker (300gsm+) paper |
Glass/Plastic | Sealer/Primer | Smooth | Reversible or decorative use | Needs adhesion prep |
Essential Acrylic Tools
Tool | Use | Notes |
---|---|---|
Brushes | Applying paint | Synthetic bristles preferred |
Palette | Mixing colours | Stay-wet palettes extend paint time |
Palette Knife | Mixing and applying texture | Great for impasto, scraping |
Water Jar | Cleaning brushes | Use separate for clean/dirty |
Rag or Paper Towels | Blotting and cleanup | Keep close at all times |
Gesso | Prepping surface | Increases tooth and durability |
Varnish | Protecting finished work | Matte, satin, or gloss finish |
Spray Bottle | Moisturizing palette | Prevents drying out too quickly |
Brush Types & Uses
Brush Type | Shape | Best For | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Flat | Square edge | Backgrounds, blocking in colour | Makes sharp edges |
Round | Tapered point | Lines, detail, sketching | Very versatile |
Filbert | Rounded edge | Soft blending, petals | Combines round & flat |
Fan | Spread bristles | Texture (grass, fur, blending) | Natural effects |
Angular | Slanted tip | Precision lines, corners | Great for shapes & edges |
Detail | Small tip | Fine work, highlights | Keep a few in small sizes |
Basic Acrylic Techniques
Technique | Description | Skill Level | Best Use |
---|---|---|---|
Layering | Painting over dry layers | Beginner | Depth and complexity |
Blending (Wet) | Smooth transition between wet colours | Intermediate | Skies, gradients |
Dry Brushing | Using minimal paint for texture | Intermediate | Hair, grass, textures |
Glazing | Transparent paint over dried layer | Advanced | Colour shifts, shadows |
Impasto | Thick texture, visible strokes | Advanced | Bold, expressive work |
Sgraffito | Scratching into paint | Intermediate | Reveals underlayers |
Stippling | Dots for shading or texture | Beginner | Patterns, rough surfaces |
Pouring | Pour fluid paint for marbling | Intermediate | Abstract backgrounds |
Acrylic Colour Mixing & Theory
Colour Scheme | Mood/Effect | Example Combination | Tip |
---|---|---|---|
Complementary | High contrast | Blue + Orange | Use for vibrant focal points |
Analogous | Harmonious | Red + Orange + Yellow | Good for cohesive palettes |
Triadic | Balanced | Red + Blue + Yellow | Equal spacing on colour wheel |
Split Complementary | Bold but balanced | Blue + Red-Orange + Yellow-Orange | Slightly less tension |
Monochromatic | Calm and elegant | Blue + White + Black | Vary brightness/saturation |
Beginner-Friendly Acrylic Projects
Project Idea | Surface | Key Techniques | Time Estimate |
---|---|---|---|
Sunset Sky | Canvas board | Blending, layering | 1–2 hours |
Abstract Pour | Canvas | Pouring, colour mixing | 1 hour |
Floral Close-Up | Canvas or paper | Layering, dry brush | 2–3 hours |
Mountain Landscape | Canvas | Blending, stippling | 2–4 hours |
Animal Silhouette | Canvas board | Glazing, background work | 1–2 hours |
Palette Knife Seascape | Canvas | Impasto, palette knife | 2–3 hours |
Common Mistakes & Fixes
Problem | Cause | Solution |
---|---|---|
Paint Drying Too Fast | Acrylic dries quickly | Mist surface, use slow-dry medium |
Muddy Colours | Over-mixing/complementary clash | Limit palette, let layers dry fully |
Visible Brush Marks | Using wrong brush/direction | Use soft brush or blending technique |
Canvas Warping | Too much water, no gesso | Use thick canvas, gesso both sides |
Cracking Texture | Thick layers dry too fast | Add in thinner layers or use medium |
Varnishing & Finishing
Varnish Type | Finish | Application | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Gloss | Shiny | Brush or spray | Intensifies colours |
Satin | Semi-gloss | Brush or spray | Balanced option |
Matte | Flat | Brush or spray | Softens bold colours |
Removable | Gloss/satin | Spray or brush | Useful for conservation |
UV Protective | Any | Spray preferred | For longevity and display |
Selling Acrylic Art
Product Type | Market | Price Range | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Canvas Paintings | Galleries, Etsy | $40–$500+ | Frame or edge-wrap for polish |
Acrylic Pours | Art shows, online | $30–$300 | Unique patterns, good beginner seller |
Mini Art Pieces | Craft fairs, bundles | $10–$50 | Use leftover paint/mini canvases |
Functional Art | Coasters, planters | Local markets | Seal properly for durability |
Commissioned Pieces | Direct clients | $100–$1000+ | Portraits, pets, custom scenes |
Workspace Tips
Item | Recommendation | Why It Matters |
---|---|---|
Ventilation | Keep space aired out | Especially with varnish or pouring |
Brush Care | Rinse immediately, store bristle-up | Prevents damage |
Organized Palette | Arrange by colour family | Faster mixing and cleaner work |
Lighting | Natural light or daylight bulbs | Accurate colour perception |
Surface Protection | Drop cloth or plastic sheet | Acrylic dries hard—difficult to clean |